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Prior to World War II, Cranberry Township was primarily an agricultural community, without a traditional downtown. Descendants of the Graham family continue to reside in the community, which is sometimes confused with the homonymous Cranberry Township in Venango County (formerly Fairfield Township, founded 1806), a much smaller community 60 mi (97 km) away. In 1806, Graham began the community's first church, the Plains Church, now the Plains United Presbyterian Church, which remains an active congregation. Over the following decades, the Graham family and Samuel Duncan, another early settler, opened a tavern, a distillery, a sawmill, and a grist mill. There, the brothers both acquired 200 acres of land that Benjamin Franklin had designated as part of the nation's Depreciation Land program, used to pay Revolutionary War soldiers with land, which was abundant, rather than in cash, which was scarce. Although the Iroquois, the Delaware, and Seneca nations had hunted and fished in the Cranberry area for centuries, the first European settlers, Mathew and William Graham, arrived in 1796. In 1854, its boundaries were redrawn, reducing Cranberry from 81 to 25 square miles. When the township was originally chartered in 1804, it had a substantially larger area than it has now. However, drought and farming combined to eliminate the township's namesake fruit by the 1880s. For centuries, the cranberries had attracted deer, which, in turn, attracted Native American hunters. The township's name derives from the wild cranberries that were abundant along the banks of Brush Creek prior to the 20th century.

The commander rejected the order, precipitating the French and Indian War, which the British and their colonies ultimately won but at a great cost. His assignment was to deliver a message to the commander of the rival French Fort LeBoeuf that ordered the French to withdraw from northern Pennsylvania. In 1753, George Washington, then 21, was working for the Virginia Colony's British governor and hiked through what is now Cranberry Township along the Venango Path. Cranberry Township is one of the fastest-growing areas of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. The population was 33,087 as of the 2020 census. Cranberry Township is a municipality in Butler County, Pennsylvania.